Citizen inspectors not a good idea -- http://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeter
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Citizen inspectors not a good idea -- http://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeter
 
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Tracy & Listers: I;m not sure about the Canadian food inspections systems but to have citizen inspectors is likely to miss antibiotic resistance strains of bacteria, and will miss the amount and types of antibiotics in foods, like chicken. Kentucky Fried Chicken, which is in Canada, is still recovering from bad press due to the large dollops of antibiotics measured in their chickens being sold in China. The parent company for KFC, Yum, will have a loss in their earnings as a result. Unfortunately, we do not yet have a breakdown of chicken antibiotics by KFC or other chains in the US or any from Canada that I've seen. Please note that most physicians and researchers in the U.S. are reluctant to prescribe antibiotics for some illnesses because they are afraid of creating resistant strains of bacteria. Given that there are tremendously more antibiotics being pumped into animals we eat, than in humans, the practical fear is that large providers of edible meat are the larger problem. Let's hear from people in Canada what they are finding for antibiotics and resistant bacteria for different providers of edible foods. Dwight Hines IndyMedia Maine USA
What is New in the NARMS Retail Meat Report for 2011 In the 2012 M100-S22 document, the Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) revised ciprofloxacin breakpoints for invasive Salmonella serotypes, lowering the resistance breakpoint from 4 μg/mL to 1 μg/mL. These revised breakpoints were applied to all Salmonella analyses in this report. In 2011, the gram negative CMV1AGNF SensititreTM plate was replaced by CMV2AGNF. This new panel replaces amikacin with azithromycin. Data on amikacin susceptibility can be found in prior NARMS Retail Meat Reports. Azithromycin has no CLSI approved interpretive criteria at the time of this report, therefore provisional NARMS breakpoints (Susceptible were used (Table 1). Beginning in 2011, all isolates exhibiting resistance to a third-generation cephalosporin (ceftriaxone and/or ceftiofur) were screened for the presence of ESBLs and tested against other beta-lactam compounds. These data were added to this report in Table 13 and Table 30 of the Salmonella and E. coli sections, respectively. Additionally, sites began sampling chicken wings and thighs when chicken breast with bone in and skin on was unavailable. The term ‘retail chicken’ has replaced ‘chicken breast’ in this report to reflect this change. 7 Highlights of the NARMS Retail 2011 Report Salmonella1 retail meat isolates (Table 7). Serotype IIIa 18:z4,z23:- decreased from 6.3% in 2010 to 3.9% in 2011, removing it from the top 5 serotypes. o Saintpaul remained the most common serotype in ground turkey, a trend which was first seen in 2009. o Heidelberg prevalence among all retail meat increased from 9.5% in 2010 to 11.2% in 2011 but remained below the 2002 to 2010 average of 19.8%. o Quinolones – All Salmonella isolates were susceptible to nalidixic acid (Table 8). o Cephalosporins – Third-generation cephalosporin resistance rose in retail chicken (10–33.5%) and ground turkey (8.1–22.4%) isolates from 2002 through 2011 (p < 0.05). o Ampicillin – There were significant increases in ampicillin resistance among retail chicken (16.7–40.5%, p < 0.05) and ground turkey isolates (16.2–58.4%, p<0.001) from 2002 through 2011. o Multidrug Resistance – The proportion of Salmonella with no detected resistance declined in 2011 compared to 2010. Also in 2011, 44.9% of retail chicken isolates were resistant to compared to 50.3% of ground turkey isolates. More than 27% of retail chicken isolates showed resistance to classes (Table 11) with 2/3 from serotype Typhimurium (Table 9). Ground turkey isolates showed antimicrobial classes. o No isolates displayed pheonotypes indicative of ESBL production (Table 13). Campylobacter2 Macrolides and fluoroquinolones are used in the treatment of Campylobacter infections. It is well known that C. coli tend to be more resistant than C. jejuni regardless of source, and this is reflected in the 2011 NARMS retail data with the exception of quinolones and tetracycline. o Macrolide resistance in retail chicken isolates remained low at 4.3% of C. coli and 0.5% of C. jejuni in 2011 (Table 17). o Ciprofloxacin resistance in C. coli from retail chicken rose from 10% in 2002 to its highest peak of 29.1% in 2005 when fluoroquinolone use stopped in poultry production. Since then, ciprofloxacin resistance in C. coli has decreased to 18.1% in 2011 (Table 17), while resistance in C. jejuni significantly increased from 15.2–22.4% from 2002 through 2011 (p<0.0001). o Tetracycline resistance increased in C. jejuni (36.3–48.4%) and C. coli (39.2–49.1%) compared to 2010. 1 Nearly all salmonellae were recovered from poultry. Due to the low recovery from ground beef and pork
chops (< 2%), statistical analysis of trends in resistance from these sources should be considered with
caution. 8 o Gentamicin resistance in C. coli markedly increased from 0.7% in 2007 when it first appeared in NARMS retail meat to 18.1% in 2011 (p < 0.0001). o Multidrug resistance is rare in Campylobacter. There were only 9 (of 634) Campylobacter isolates from poultry resistant to 3 antimicrobial classes in 2011 (Table 18). Enterococcus Enterococcus is used as a sentinel for antibiotic selection pressures by compounds with gram-positive activity. This spectrum of activity is exhibited by many antimicrobials used in food animal production; and the same classes of antibiotics are also used to treat human infections. o No isolates were resistant to vancomycin or linezolid (Table 21). These classes of compounds are critically important in human medicine but are not used in food animal production. o Since 2002, streptogramin resistance has significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in retail chicken (56.3–27.1%), ground beef (46.2–8.4%), and pork chop (27.2–12.2%) isolates but has remained above 50% in turkey isolates (Table 21). o E. faecalis from poultry showed markedly higher aminoglycoside and macrolide resistance than E. faecium, with the exception of streptomycin. E. faecium had much higher resistance to nitrofurantoin, penicillin and ciprofloxacin from all sources compared to E. faecalis (Table 22.1-2). o The proportions of multidrug resistant poultry isolates from 2002 through 2011 were higher in E. faecium than E. faecalis (Table 23.1-2). Escherichia coli o Ceftriaxone resistance among E. coli isolates from retail chicken was consistently higher than any other retail meat tested (Table 26). o Noisolateswereresistanttociprofloxacin(Table26). o From 2002–2005, nalidixic acid resistance in E. coli from retail chicken increased from 2.8–6.6% and increased in ground turkey from 4.3–10.4%. Since 2005, resistance has decreased to 2.3% in chicken and 1.6% in ground turkey (Table 26). No ground beef or pork chop isolates were nalidixic acid resistant. o Gentamicin resistance is much higher in retail chicken and turkey isolates (> 20%) than ground beef and pork chop isolates (< 5%, Table 26). o A highly statistically significant trend (p < 0.0001) in ampicillin resistance was seen among ground turkey with 51.6% resistance in 2011, up from 31.3% in 2002. o Some poultry isolates exhibiting resistance to third-generation cephalosporins had additional co-resistances to other beta-lactam compounds (Table 30). No isolates displayed pheonotypes indicative of ESBL production. 9 |
Re: Citizen inspectors not a good idea -- http://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeter
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Thanks Dwight;
In this case, I am speaking to a specific issue, which is the presence of other types of meat in a product that may labeled as beef, as was seen in the UK. I am also not advocating for random unskilled people to collect this information, or for a crowd sourced citizen scientists substitute to a well resourced government food inspection system, in fact, I am a big advocate of government being responsible for the health and welfare of its citizens. My concern, is that the cut backs to the food inspection regime, may preclude findings such as the one you mention below or the presence of other meat where they do not belong, therefore, there is merit, to have some sort of citizen scientists work their science to bring these issues to light, and to pressure government with their findings in order to strengthen a weakened institution. Does that make sense? On Wed, Feb 13, 2013 at 6:26 PM, Dwight Hines <[hidden email]> wrote:
-- Tracey P. Lauriault Post Doctoral Fellow Geomatics and Cartographic Research Centre
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Re: Citizen inspectors not a good idea -- http://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeter
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NYC: "Bad Fish Alert: Seafood Is Not Always What You Think It Is" Boston too: http://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2012/12/02/dnasidebar/SAe6PdZMRqi6mZUDOdWz7M/story.htmlhttp://www.blisstree.com/2012/12/11/food/new-york-city-seafood-mislabeled-fish/ On Wed, Feb 13, 2013 at 6:51 PM, Tracey P. Lauriault <[hidden email]> wrote: Thanks Dwight; -- - http://zzzoot.blogspot.com/ - |
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